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In which of the following mode of radiation low efficiency and narrow bandwidth is observed?

(a) Normal mode

(b) Axial mode

(c) Conical mode

(d) Beam mode

The question was asked by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.

Question is taken from Frequency Independent Antenna topic in section Frequency Independent Antenna of Antennas

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Correct option is (a) Normal mode

The explanation is: The radiation of broadside antenna is normal to the axis line. The radiation of antenna in normal mode is perpendicular to the axis of the antenna and hence it is broadside directed. The drawbacks of the normal mode are its low radiation efficiency and narrow bandwidth.

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