Right choice is (a) \(1.8×10^6 \frac{σ}{f(MHz)}\)
For explanation: Dissipation factor for the dielectric is Df = \(1.8×10^6 \frac{σ}{f(MHz)}\), σ is the conductivity of earth. This is used to calculate the phase constant for the surface wave given by \(b=tan^{-1}(\frac{ϵ+1}{D_f})\)