Correct option is (a) \(\frac{L_N}{L_{N+1}} = \frac{S_N}{S_{N+1}} = τ\)
To elaborate: The ratio of adjacent spacing of dipoles and its lengths in the LPDA are equal. The electrical properties of the log periodic antenna are repeated periodically in terms of logarithmic frequency. The relation between the antenna dipole adjacent lengths, spacing and the scaling factor is given as \(\frac{L_N}{L_{N+1}} = \frac{S_N}{S_{N+1}} = τ.\)