Question

Which of the following terms is modified in the integrated energy balance equation for non-uniform velocity distribution?

(a) Potential energy

(b) Kinetic energy

(c) Pressure energy

(d) Thermal energy

The question was asked in an interview for job.

I want to ask this question from Effects of Friction and Velocity Distribution topic in section Pouring – Gating Design, Melting Furnaces, Melting and Casting Quality of Casting-Forming-Welding I

Answer 1

Right answer is (b) Kinetic energy

Easiest explanation: The non-uniform velocity distribution can be accounted for by modifying the kinetic energy term in the integrated energy balance equation by replacing the (velocity)² term by v̅²/β, where v̅ is the average velocity and β is a constant. β is equal to 0.5 for laminar flow and 1 for turbulent flow in a circular conduit.