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Which type of forces stretch and distort the bubbles?

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in Bioprocess Engineering by (80.7k points)
Which type of forces stretch and distort the bubbles?

(a) Shear forces

(b) Strain forces

(c) Surface tension

(d) Frictional forces

I had been asked this question by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.

Question is from Role of Shear in Stirred Fermenters in division Fluid Flow and Mixing of Bioprocess Engineering

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Right choice is (a) Shear forces

The explanation: Shear forces in turbulent eddies stretch and distort the bubbles and break them into smaller sizes; at the same time, surface tension at the gas-liquid interface tends to restore the bubbles to their spherical shape. In the case of solid material such as cell flocs or aggregates, shear forces in turbulent flow are resisted by the mechanical strength of the particles.

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