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–rA is a universal notation for reaction rate. What does the negative sign indicate?

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–rA is a universal notation for reaction rate. What does the negative sign indicate?

(a) Rate of formation of A

(b) Rate of disappearance of A

(c) Rate of dissociation of A

(d) Rate of association of A

This question was addressed to me during an internship interview.

This intriguing question comes from Mole Balances topic in chapter Basic Concepts of Chemical Reaction Engineering

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The correct answer is (b) Rate of disappearance of A

The explanation: rA indicates the rate of formation of A whereas –rA indicates the rate of disappearance of A.

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