Correct option is (d) Reverse – Osmosis
The explanation: It is the movement of solutes from the area of high concentration to low concentration through a semi permeable membrane. Dialysis is done with the electrolytes flowing through one side and the blood flowing in the opposite direction. The two fluids flow in opposite directions across a semi permeable membrane which causes a pressure to be created and the wastes flow out from the blood to the dialysate.