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Which of the following is a downstream process?

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in Bioprocess Engineering by (80.7k points)
Which of the following is a downstream process?

(a) Product recovery

(b) Screening

(c) Media formulation

(d) Sterilization of media

I had been asked this question during an interview.

Asked question is from The Range of Fermentation Processes topic in chapter Introduction to Fermentation Processes & Media for Industrial Fermentation of Bioprocess Engineering

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Best answer
Correct choice is (a) Product recovery

The explanation: Downstream Processing includes the recovery of the products in a pure state and the effluent treatment. Product recovery is carried out through a series of operations including cell separation by settling, centrifugation or filtration; product recovery by disruption of cells (if the product is produced intracellularly); extraction and purification of the product. Finally, the effluents are treated by chemical, physical or biological methods.

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