The correct answer is:
(d) Permission authorization
Explanation:
In Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), there are key rules for managing and controlling access based on roles within an organization or system. These primary rules include:
Role definition: Defining the roles in the system. Each role corresponds to a set of permissions or access rights, usually based on job functions.
Role assignment: Assigning specific roles to users or entities. A user can have one or more roles, which determine what actions they can perform in the system.
Role authorization: Determining which roles are allowed to access which resources or actions. This involves defining and enforcing access policies for each role.
Permission authorization, on the other hand, is not a primary rule in RBAC. While roles are assigned permissions, the permission itself is not authorized directly through RBAC rules—permissions are granted to roles, and roles are authorized to perform actions based on the policies set for each role.
Thus, permission authorization (option d) is not a primary rule of role-based access control, and the correct answer is (d).