Correct choice is (a) Magnetization characteristics
The best explanation: With Ia = 0 (no load) at constant n, it is the presentation of Vt (=Ea) vs If. This is the most important characteristic as it reveals the nature of the magnetization of the machine. It is easy to determine as the generator is on no load and so only low rated prime mover will serve the purpose. It is commonly called the open–circuit/magnetization characteristic.