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When a plate girder bends, vertical compression in web is due to

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When a plate girder bends, vertical compression in web is due to

(a) downward vertical component of compression flange bending stress only

(b) downward vertical component of tension flange bending stress only

(c) downward vertical component of compression flange and upward vertical component of tension flange bending stress

(d) upward vertical component of compression flange and downward vertical component of tension flange bending stress

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This interesting question is from Proportioning of Web & Flanges topic in section Gantry Girders, Design of Plate Girders & Industrial Buildings of Design of Steel Structures

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The correct answer is (c) downward vertical component of compression flange and upward vertical component of tension flange bending stress

The explanation: When a plate girder bends, its curvature creates vertical compression in web is due to downward vertical component of compression flange and upward vertical component of tension flange bending stress. The web must have sufficient vertical buckling strength to withstand this squeezing effect.

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