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Which of the following properties distinguish a material as conductor, insulator and semiconductor?

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Which of the following properties distinguish a material as conductor, insulator and semiconductor?

(a) Free electron charges

(b) Fermi level after doping

(c) Energy band gap

(d) Electron density

This question was posed to me in examination.

This question is from Electrostatic Properties in chapter Electrostatic Fields of Electromagnetic Theory

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The correct option is (c) Energy band gap

Easiest explanation: The only parameter that classifies the material as conductor or insulator or semiconductor is the band gap energy. It is the energy required to make the electrons conduct. This is low of conductors, average for semiconductors and very high for insulators. This means it requires very high energy to make an insulator conduct.

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