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For a phase-shift oscillator, the gain of the amplifier stage must be greater than ________

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For a phase-shift oscillator, the gain of the amplifier stage must be greater than ________

(a) 19

(b) 30

(c) 29

(d) 1

The question was asked in an international level competition.

The above asked question is from Oscillators in section Power Amplifiers of Electronic Devices & Circuits

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Correct answer is (c) 29

Easy explanation: Since the resistor-capacitor combination in the RC Oscillator circuit also acts as an attenuator producing an attenuation of -1/29th ( Vo/Vi = β ) per stage, the gain of the amplifier must be sufficient to overcome the circuit losses.

Therefore, in our three stage RC network above the amplifier gain must be greater than 29.

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