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O-nitrophenol is more volatile than p-nitrophenol due to ___________

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O-nitrophenol is more volatile than p-nitrophenol due to ___________

(a) Inductive effect

(b) Electromeric effect

(c) Inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in O-nitrophenol

(d) Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding in O-nitrophenol

I had been asked this question in an international level competition.

My doubt stems from Intermolecular Forces topic in chapter Materials and their Properties of Engineering Chemistry I

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The correct choice is (d) Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding in O-nitrophenol

To elaborate: O-nitrophenol is more volatile than p-nitrophenol due to Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding in O-nitrophenol. Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding occurs within different parts of a single molecule.

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