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How can porosity of material be inspected?

(a) Hammer test

(b) X-ray radiography

(c) Gamma-ray radiography

(d) Liquid penetrant test

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I would like to ask this question from Metal Composition Testing, Inspection of Materials in division Testing of Materials, Foundry & Powder Metallurgy of Engineering Material & Metallurgy

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Correct answer is (a) Hammer test

The best explanation: Certain defects such as internal shrinkage, porosity, blowholes, and slag inclusions affect the casting soundness. These can be detected by a hammer test. Here, the casting is suspended above the floor, struck with a hammer at different places, and the sound produced is carefully noted.

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