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Hydrolysis of ester is catalysed by what?

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Hydrolysis of ester is catalysed by what?

(a) Hydroxyl ion

(b) Nitrite ion

(c) Halogen

(d) All of the mentioned

This question was posed to me in unit test.

This intriguing question originated from Thermodynamics and Kinetics topic in portion Hydrolysis of Unit Processes

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The correct choice is (a) Hydroxyl ion

Easiest explanation: Extensive study of the hydrolysis of esters has shown that the reaction is reversible and is catalyzed by both oxonium (H3O+) and hydroxyl (OH-) ions.

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