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Which of the following antenna radiates power with unit gain uniformly in all directions?

(a) Directional antenna

(b) Dipole antenna

(c) Isotropic antenna

(d) Loop antenna

This question was addressed to me in exam.

This key question is from Free Space Propagation Model in chapter Mobile Radio Propagation: Large – Scale Path Loss of Wireless/Mobile

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Right choice is (c) Isotropic antenna

For explanation: Isotropic antenna radiates the power with unit gain uniformly in all directions. It is an ideal antenna. From practical point of view, there is no actual isotropic antenna. But, an isotropic antenna is often used as a reference antenna for the antenna gain.

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