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Ortho and para isomers of nitrophenol can be separated by ________ distillation.

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in Chemistry – Class 12 by (188k points)
Ortho and para isomers of nitrophenol can be separated by ________ distillation.

(a) fractional

(b) steam

(c) vacuum

(d) zone

The question was posed to me during an interview.

My doubt is from Alcohols and Phenols in section Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers of Chemistry – Class 12

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Best answer
The correct answer is (b) steam

Best explanation: o-Nitrophenol is steam volatile due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding between O of nitro group and H of hydroxyl group. On the other hand, p-Nitrophenol is present as associated molecules due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding, thus making it less volatile. Hence, a mixture of both can be separated by steam distillation.

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