The correct choice is (a) Julius Von Sachs
To elaborate: Hydroponics is the process of growing plants in artificial nutrient media by providing the required conditions for its proper growth. It was demonstrated by Julius Von Sachs in 1860. Melvin Calvin is an American biochemist who received the 1961 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his discovery of the chemical pathways of photosynthesis. The Hoagland solution developed by Hoagland and Snyder provides every nutrient necessary for plant growth and is appropriate for the growth of a large variety of plant species. It was corrected by scientist Arnon.