Question

Which short of instrument is shown below?

(a) 3 Geometrical scale

(b) Parallel-scale nomogram

(c) Thermometer

(d) Barometer

I have been asked this question in a national level competition.

Query is from Nomography in chapter Nomography, Computer Aided Drafting & Procedure of Estimating of Civil Engineering Drawing

Answer 1

The correct answer is (b) Parallel-scale nomogram

Easiest explanation: The field of nomography was invented in 1884 by the French engineer Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (1862-1938) and used extensively for many years to provide engineers with fast graphical calculations of complicated formulas to a practical precision. Nomograms use a parallel coordinate system invented by d’Ocagne rather than standard Cartesian coordinates.

A nomogram consists of a set of n scales, one for each variable in an equation. Knowing the values of n-1 variables, the value of the unknown variable can be found, or by fixing the values of some variables, the relationship between the unfixed ones can be studied. The result is obtained by laying a straightedge across the known values on the scales and reading the unknown value from where it crosses the scale for that variable. The virtual or drawn line created by the straightedge is called an index line or isopleth.