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Where optical heterodyning takes place in Laser Doppler Blood Flowmeter?

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Where optical heterodyning takes place in Laser Doppler Blood Flowmeter?

(a) Plastic fibre

(b) Photo diode

(c) He-Ne Laser

(d) CO2 Laser

I got this question in an interview.

My doubt stems from PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) in portion Telemedicine Technology of Biomedical Instrumentation

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Best answer
Right option is (b) Photo diode

Explanation: In principle, light from a low power (5 mW) He–Ne laser is coupled into a quartz fibre and transmitted to the skin. The light is reflected from both the non-moving tissues (reference beam) and moving red blood cells (Doppler-shifted beam). The two beams are received by a plastic fibre and transmitted back to a photo-diode where optical heterodyning takes place.

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