Right answer is (d) Mammalian, yeast and bacterial cells
Explanation: Virus proteins have been expressed in bacteria, yeast, mammalian cells, and viruses. This helps in the generation of vaccines. Bacterial cells help in rapid growth and thus the rapid yield of the vaccine. Yeast gives us a post-translational modification. Mammalian cells are hard to culture but some of the proteins can easily be manufactured in mammalian cell culture.