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Which of the following is the time-temperature combination for Sterilization?

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Which of the following is the time-temperature combination for Sterilization?

(a) 72°C to 74°C for 15 to 20 seconds

(b) 135°C to 140°C for 2 to 4 seconds

(c) 63°C for 30 minutes

(d) 115 – 120°C for some 20 – 30 minutes

This question was posed to me in final exam.

This key question is from Heat Exchangers topic in chapter Building Blocks of Dairy Processing of Dairy Engineering

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The correct answer is (d) 115 – 120°C for some 20 – 30 minutes

To elaborate: Sterilization is a wet treatment of canned milk products in an autoclave/specialized treatment chambers. Heat to between 115°C to 121°C for 10 to 20 minutes.

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