Right choice is (a) g(x,y)=T[f(x,y)]
For explanation I would say: Spatial domain processes will be denoted by the expression g(x,y)=T[f(x,y)], where f(x,y) is the input image, g(x,y) is the processed image, and T is an operator on f, defined over some neighborhood of (x, y). In addition, T can operate on a set of input images, such as performing the pixel-by-pixel sum of K images for noise reduction.