The correct option is (c) Dulongs’s formula
To explain I would say: Higher calorific value of the fuel can be determined by using Dulongs’s formula. Let C, H, O and S represent the percentage by weight of carbon, carbon, oxygen and sulfur respectively.
HCV = 1/100 [33900 + 144000(H – (O/8)) + 9295 S] kJ/Kg
This formula gives gross heating value in terms of the weight fractions of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur from the ultimate analysis.