Question

What are the causes of GERD?

(a) Overproduction of acid

(b) Overproduction of acid and over relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter

(c) Over relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter

(d) When acid in the stomach is not produced in a sufficient amount

This question was addressed to me in an interview.

This interesting question is from Pharmacotherapy of Peptic Ulcer in chapter Histamine, Bradykinin and their Antagonists, Pharmacotherapy of Gastric Ulcer, Peptic Ulcer of Drug Biotechnology

Answer 1

The correct option is (b) Overproduction of acid and over relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter

The best explanation: GERD or Gastro Oesophageal Reflux Disease is when acid and pepsin from the stomach flows backward up into the esophagus often called heartburn. Gastric juice contains both acid and pepsin. It can happen due to overproduction of acid/pepsin or over the relaxation of Lower Esophageal Sphincter.