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In physical adsorption the enzymes are attached to the matrix through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, or hydrophobic interactions; whereas in ionic bonding, the enzymes are bound through?

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In physical adsorption the enzymes are attached to the matrix through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, or hydrophobic interactions; whereas in ionic bonding, the enzymes are bound through?

(a) Hydrophilic linkage

(b) Di-sulphide bonding

(c) Salt linkages

(d) Cross-linking

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Enquiry is from Methods of Immobilization topic in chapter Antibiotics & Enzyme Immobilization of Drug Biotechnology

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Right option is (c) Salt linkages

For explanation: The simplest immobilization method is nonspecific adsorption, based on physical adsorption or ionic bonding for the drug molecules with the polymeric molecules.  The bonding between the drug and the polymer compound is reversible. It also influences the strength of the interaction.

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