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Which of the following is the most suitable catalyst for the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol?

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in Chemistry – Class 12 by (188k points)
Which of the following is the most suitable catalyst for the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol?

(a) P2O5

(b) HCl gas

(c) KMnO4-KOH

(d) Pyridine

I got this question by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.

This interesting question is from Carboxylic Acids Chemical Reactions in division Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids of Chemistry – Class 12

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The correct choice is (b) HCl gas

To elaborate: HCl gas and concentrated H2SO4 are catalyst which provide a proton for the protonic attack on the carbonyl oxygen of acetic acid, which further activates the carbonyl groups towards nucleophilic addition of ethanol, which ultimately results in the formation of ethyl acetate, which is an ester.

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