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Which of the following carboxylic acids is most reactive towards esterification with given alcohol?

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in Chemistry – Class 12 by (188k points)
Which of the following carboxylic acids is most reactive towards esterification with given alcohol?

(a) HCOOH

(b) CH3COOH

(c) (CH3)2CHCOOH

(d) (CH3)3CCOOH

I got this question during an online interview.

The query is from Carboxylic Acids Chemical Reactions topic in portion Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids of Chemistry – Class 12

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Best answer
Right option is (a) HCOOH

Easiest explanation: The rate at which carboxylic acids are esterified depends upon the stearic hinderance and to some extent the acidic strength of the acid, as it is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Since formic acid has the lowest molecular mass and smallest group, it is the most reactive.

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