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How to prevent hepatic first-pass metabolism for corticosteroids?

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How to prevent hepatic first-pass metabolism for corticosteroids?

(a) Providing intravenously

(b) Providing orally

(c) Form esters and ether products

(d) By enhancing lipophilicity

This question was addressed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.

This key question is from Prodrugs topic in portion Prodrugs & Excretion of Drugs of Drug Biotechnology

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The correct option is (c) Form esters and ether products

The best explanation: Providing orally will have to pass through the hepatic 1st pass. Forming ethers and esters can prevent extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism. Propanol has the high hepatic first pass, it is pro-drug hemisuccinate is resistant to esterases of the liver.

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