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Why there are side effects of NSAIDs?

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Why there are side effects of NSAIDs?

(a) Inhibition of COX 1

(b) Inhibition of COX 2

(c) Inhibition of COX 3

(d) Inhibition of COX 4

I got this question in a national level competition.

My question is from Drug Addiction and Abuse in chapter Local & General Anesthetics, Opioid Analgesics, Drug Addiction and Drug Abuse of Drug Biotechnology

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Right answer is (a) Inhibition of COX 1

To explain: Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is expressed in a wide variety of cells all over the body and  known as “housekeeping enzyme” e.g.  Gastric cytoprotection. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible enzyme an immediate-early gene product in inflammatory and immune cells it is dramatically up-regulated during inflammation. Adverse effects of NSAIDs are theorized to be due to inhibition of COX-1 (ex. GI complications via decreased PGE2 and potentially altered blood flow).

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